Combined type-writing and computing machine.



F. A. HART.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION flLED JULY l1. 9H.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

2 SNHITS-SHEET 1.

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ATTORNE mvcnron:

F. A. HART.

comemzo TYPE wmrma AND commune MACHINE.

. APPLICATION FILED JULY I]. I9! I.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

2 SHEETSr-SHEEI 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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m 01 o fs t Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

Appllca'tlon Med- J n19! 1 1811". Serial 110.6689.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I.,.I u1wsmo1t Ham, a citizen of the United Statesresiding in J enscy City, in the county of Iiudson end-State of NewJersey, have invented certain. new and useful. Improvements in CombinedT pe-lVriting and Computing. of \v 1.011 the following isa-specifieaition. E

This invention relates tie-computing ma chines, and is herein.illustrated as applied toone of the Underwood-Hansontype illustrated inmy pending application No. 466,836, filed. December 10,1908, and in. theBritish Patent- No. 3,39Qot 191.2, in which the keys of the typewritercontrol thc-.setting of certain pins, and the pins-aftemvaad cooperatewith the general operator to turn the adding wheelsr I ()ne of thePPlIIClPHIIQbjOG-SS- of my ill-Mk tion is to provide simplified and;meansread-i-ly a plicable- .to existing ma chines, for ,uar ing against.errorswhich arise from t e liability of theoperetive to forget to attendto the operation of the general operator after said pins have'been setfor a number.-

My invention is particularly adapted for use in, computing machines of:the type wherein numbers are recorded in: an. item register or anothertemporary recording device and later are carried into a total-registeror permanent recording device. In such machines the numbers areusuallyiuto thc'tota-l register as soon as a. line oii digitshas beencompletely recorded inthe item register. It sometimes happensothat theoperative forgets to' carry the number from the item register to thetotal register, and thus it sometimes happens that two'- sets ofidigitsare reeordedcin the itemregister and theresult will be utterlyconfused whenearried into the total register.

According to the present invention means are provided foraui-tomatieally notifying the operatire when it is time tothus transfernumbers from the item. register, and this is preferably done by making.it awkward or impossible to operate the numeral-keys after the lastdigit of a number is written,'.this digit being. usually the-one im theunitsplace. .akecording to the preferred form of the presentimprovements, a shield. or inter-fer in device, or other signal moves toa poshtion to rwerlie the numeral keys, whenever any numeral key hasbeen 0 rated to set the unit skin in any columm isher interfereswi, theoperation of the keys, or at least warns the operative not to the keysand set uphowpins the co ins wheels have perated to register the numberthat was previously set up on seirl,pi;ns. Saidbar is connected to saidgeneraloperator who restoredthereby toits non-nah inefiectivc; positionback. of the numeral keys. ,When the machine is properly, opera-tedthis-bar moves automatically into endout of. efieetive position at suchtimes asnottoainfierfene with the operation ofithe keys, except toprevent the operative-fromforgettingtoattend tothe actuation- .of thegeneral operator. 1

I preferably provide means normally. under. 't'ensionfor movi-n seidEberfrom normal'. idflepositionhto e eetiveposition; but said. .meanst-arewnormally restrainedv by a latch; and- I rovide' means oontroll'erLbywthe carriage of e typewriter? for. releasing; said latch when thecarriage is. in position. for writing: the-units di 'tofagnumber'.Uponopera'ti-ng. the genera. ioperator, the parts are restored tonormalpositions;

I also-preferably provide-.11 shutter for the dial wheels, which 15arranged to cover the writing line on said dial-wheels at-thes'ametimethatth'e numeral keys are covered, by the interceptor bar; Thisshutter is useful for many. purposes, and-particularly to prevent theoperative from writingtthe wrong amount in. the -totaleol-umn-v at theright h'e-ndside of the worksheet.

Other features anrh advantages will alsohereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings.

I Figure 1. is a sectional side elevation of an-UnderwcocLHnnsoncombined typewritingandadding: machine,- showing. thepresent improvements applied thereto'; the new parts beinginefiectivepositions teg'uaird' against the operation ef the numeralkeys, andto prevent the numbers onthe dial wheels from being: read.

Fig-. 2. is: a plan viewof the jack mochanism bywhic the paper carriageselects thedenominationsof the pins which-are-set by the keys.

Fig. 3 is a, perspective rear view oi the present improvements innormalineffective positions.

Fig. 4 is a plan of a set of jacks, with a supernumerary jack made thinand close to the last jack in said set, for reasons which willhereinafter be explained.

Fig.5 is-a perspective view of a button for silencing the intercepterbar and the dial wheel shutter.

Fig. 6 is a part sectional front elevation illustrating the'position ofthe jack-operating dog after it has operated the special jack seen atthe bottom of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 illustrates the special jack as being operated by the dog.

Numeral keys 1 and letter keys 2 depress the usual levers 3 pivoted atthe rear of the machine to operate through the usual bell cranks 4, tothrow the usual type bars 5 upwardl and rearwardly to strike upon thefront si e of a platen 6, which is mounted to travel upon aletter-feeding carriage 7, which is driven in the usual manner y aspring 8, and is controlled by'letter-feeding devices connecting with auniversal bar 9 actuated by heels 10 on the type-bars, and forming partof a' frame 11 which has vibrating supports 12 and actuates the usualletter-feeding dogs 12, to control escapement wheel 12",

Upon said carriage is a tappet or dog 13, which is' usually adjustablealong the rack bar 14, and has a cam edge to lift, in succession, jacks15 arranged in a row mounted upon a fulcrum 16. The rear ends 17 of thejacks press down links 18 to vibrate levers 19, which are connected tolinkages 20 to lift the rear ends of a series of bars 21, .whose forwardends carr racks 22 to mesh with pinions 23 provid ed upon dial wheels24, whereby the latter may be rotated.

The numeral keys 1 have stems 25 to operate arms 26 upon linkages 27 todepress any of a set of pins 28 upon the elevated rack bar. As thecarriage 7 feeds step-bystep, the rack bars 21 are elevated insuccession, and downwardly from each one is projected a pin 28. The rackbars fall to normal positions, 'thus bringing the depressed pins intothe path of a cross bar 29 formin part of a eneral operator. The generaloperator, w ich also comprises a pair of arms 30 and a pair of racks31'on opposite sides of themachine, is connected by pinions 32 andsegments 33 to a shaft 34 which carries the operating handle 35. Afterthe pins are set up by the numeral keys 1, the operative grasps thehandle 35 and the general operator is slid forwardly, the bar 29engaging all of the depressed pins and driving forward the racks 22corresponding distances, to turn the dial wheels 24 accordingly.

Upon striking a key 1 to print a digit in the units place in the column,and then releasing said key, the carriage 7 advances ing of a digit in'the units place,

one step, and the tappct 13 engages the nose 62 of a special jack 36placed at the end of the row of jacks and havin a link 37 to engage arm38 upon a rock s; aft 39 to rock the latter; said shaft carrying anupstanding arm 40 to which is pivoted the rear end of a latch 41,whereby said latch is withdrawn rcarwardly from a tooth or shoulder 42formed on an arm 43, which extends rearwardly from a rock shaft 44, saidarm being then driven up by a spring 45", which is connected to a lever46 having at one end a fork 47 to enga e a pin 48 in said arm 43. Thismovement 0 the arm 43 and rock shaft 44 swings forwardly the bar 45 fromthe dotted line position to the full line position at Fig. 1; said barbeing carried upon a pair of uprights 49 risin at the sides of thekeyboard from said sha t 44. In the position to which the bar 45 is thusshifted, it overlies the numeral keys 1, and serves to warn theoperative not to operate said keys until after the general operator hasbeen operated. The bar interferes with the operation of these keys andtherefore silences them, that is, stops the usual operation oractivity'of the keys.

The movement of the general operator returns the bar 45 to normal andidle position back of'the keys. 7 This is effected by a bell crank 50pivoted'upon the machine frame and having an arm 51 to -be engaged by ashoulder 52 upon a rack 31 of the general operator. The rack 31, in itsforward movement, lifts the arm 51 of said bell crank, and the latterengages an arm 52 on the lever 46. and vibrates the same, causing thefork 47 thereon to depress the arm 43 and swing back the uprights 49,together with the bar 45. The nose of the latch 41 catches over theshoulder 42 on the arm 43, and thereby holds the bar 45 in idleposition; a spring 53 coiled around the rock shaft 39 serving to throwthe latch 41 forwardly for this purpose. It will be noted that saidlatch is slotted between its ends to rest upon a guide pin 54.

At Fig. 2 the 'ack 36 is of equal size with the other jacks, ut at Fig.4 the nose 62 of the jack 36 is made very thin. The tappet 13 is in suchform that the jack 36 will be operated (Fig. 7 and released (Fig. 6) byt e time the paper carriage 7 completes its first letter-feedingmovement after the printthat is the letter-feeding movement which occursas the units type bar returns to normal position. Hence the latch 41,after releasing the bar-throwing arm 43 is caused by the spring 53 totend to reset said arm 43, so that when the latter is pulled down by thebell-crank 46, the latch snaps into place to hold the bar 45 back innormal position. The arm 52 of said bell crank normally occupies anelevated position as at Fig. 3, to

permit reciprocation of the eneral operator 31, etc, at any time, witout obstruction from said bell crank.

After reciprocating the handle 35, and thereby throwing the bar 45 backto idle position, the operative may manipulate the keys 1 to setup pinsfor the next number, and upon the writing of a digit in the next unitsplace the latch 41 will again be withdrawn, and the cycle of operationswill be repeated. Thus, by simple means, readily applied to the machine,errors arising from failure to manipulate the handle 35 may be avoided.

By turning abutton 63, the special'jack 36 can be moved to a position tosilence or disable the mechanism for shifting the interponent bar. Thisbutton is mounted upon the outer end of a stub shaft whichis eccentricto the-shaft 16 that carries the jacks 15; and on the inner portion ofsaid shaft 64 is, a stud 65 which normally is concentric with the shaft16, and which, by rotation of the button 63 through a half revolution,is lifted above the shaft 16, so that the nose 62 of the special jack 36is raisedtoohigh-to be engaged by, the tappet 13. It will be seen atFig. 4:, that stud 65 abuts against the-end of the shaft 16, which issuitably supported-in a bracket or casing 66 independently'of said stud65. To hold the stub shaft 64 Whereadjusted, a spring 67 presses a ball68 into a seat 69, Figs. 4 and 5, formed in the stub shaft, said springbeing held down by a screw '(0, Fig. 5. The stub shaft may havedepressions on its opposite sides, and these depressions may beconnected bya shallow peripheral groove 71. This disabling of theinterponent bar enables the operative to actuate the numeral keys at anydesired time.

The interponent bar 45 can be moved to ineffective position by theoperative at any time, this being so because it is only held ineffective position by the spring 45. The bar 45 is, therefore, manuallymovable to ineffective position, and if pushed back far enough is lockedin ineffective position by the latch 42. This connection is usefuloutside the adding zone, because it permits a numeral key to be thenactuated by the operative, if desired, without first actuating thegeneral operator. At such times, of course, there is no possibility ofsetting up numbers on the pins 28, and, therefore, no errors will belnade in the computation.

In order to avoid the liability of error, in.

writing the proper total at the end of each line of writing, I provide ashutter 72 for the dial wheels 24. This shutter is carried upon the endsof arms 73, which are pivoted upon the arbor 74:, which carries the dialwheels; and the link 75 is connected to one of said arms 73, and extendsrearward-1y to an arm 76 pendent from said rock shaft 4+4, so that whenthe bar 45-is thrown forwardly over the keys, the shutter 72 dropsbehind the sight-opening 77 over the dialwheels, so that the numberthereon cannot be read, Fig. 1. This avoids the liability of theoperator writing in the total column the amount which shows at the sighthole, after the last number has been written and before the generaloperator is operated-to carry said last number into the addingwheels.The shutter 72 will also be useful for other pur- )oses. It will'beunderstood that the shutter 12 may be thrown out of use by the button 63in the manner already described.

Variations may be resorted to withinthe scope of the invention, andportions of the im rovements may be used without others.

of a: device norm-a l'y in-idle position, but

tendin to directly interfere with the opera tion 0 said numeral keys,means controlled from said carriage for rendering said device efiectiveto interfere with said numeral keys, and means dependent upon theoperation of the general operator for releasing said keys from=theeffect of said interfering means. i

2. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinatlon witha typewritencarriage, type-operating keys, including numeral keyscontrolling said carriage, computingdevices, and connections from saidnumeral keys to control said computing devices; of a evice normally inidle position, but normally tending to interfere directlyrwith theoperation of said numeral keys, a. latch restraining said device, andmeans dependent upon the movement of said carriage for releasing saidlatch.

3. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha carriage and numeral keys having means to control the same, ofcomputing mechanism including a general operator and also includingcomputing wheels or devices and a row of jacks, one for each wheel, a jack-setting device dependent upon the movement of the carriage, aspecial jack following the units jack in said row. a shield or devicenormally occupying a position away from said keys and tending to move toa position overlying said keys, a latch normally restrainin saidoverlying dei ice, and means connected to said special jack forreleasing saidlatch-.-

aving' thus described my invention,

the computing devices;

4. In a oombinedtypewriting and com puting machine, the combination witha carriage and numeral keys having meansto control the same, ofcomputing mechan sm including a general operator and also includingcomputing wheels or devices and a row of jacks, one for each wheel, a.jack-setting devicev dependent upon the movement of the carriage, aspecial jack following the umts jack in said row, a shield or barnormally occup a position away from said keys and tending to move to aposition overlying said keys, a latch normally restraining sa doverlying device, means connected to said special ack for releasino saidlatch, and means controlled by said general operator for returning saidoverlying device to normal position.

5. In acombined typewriting and computing machine the combination with atypewriter carriage, type'operatmg keys, including numeral keysc0ntr0ll1ng sa1d carriage, computing devices, connections from said.numeral keys for determining the extent of operation of the computingdevices, and an operator for movin the computing devices as determinedby said numeral keys; of a device normally in idle position, butnormally tending to interfere directly with the operation of saidnumeral keys, a latch restraining said device, means dependent upon themovement of 'said carriage for re leasing said latch, and meanscontrolled by said operatonfor returning said device to normal position.

6. In a combined twpewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage, type-operating keys, 1ncluding numeral keyscontrolling said ear: riage, computing devices includingdenominational-determining members associated with said carriage,connections from said numeral keys to control said denominationalmembers and for determining the extent of operation of the computingdevices, and an operator for moving the computing devices; of a devicenormally out of effective position, means dependent upon the movement ofsaid carriage to move said device to a position to directly obstructoperation of the numeral keys, said movin means in cluding a partshiftable at wil to disable the same, and means dependent upon theoperation of the general operator for releasing said keys from saidobstructing device.

7. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha carriage. and numeral keys having means to control the same, ofcomputing mechanism including a general operator and also includingcomputing wheels or devices and a row of jacks, one for each wheel, ajack-setting device dependent upon the movement of the carriage, aspecial jack following the units jack in said row, a shield or bar nor-.extent of operation of the to swing said arms and n digit in the unitsmally occupying a position away from said keys and tending to move to aosition overlying said keys, a latch norma y restraining said overlyingshield, means connected .to said special ack for rel'ea said latch, andmeans to set said special pick to ineffective position and hold itthere.

8. The combination with a letter-feeding carriage, numeral keys havingmeans to control the same, and a computing mechanism controlled by saidkeys, of a general operator for said computing mechanism, a shield orbar to overlie said keys, said shield normally withdrawn from the keys,means dependent upon a movement of said carriage immediately ensuingupon the operation of a key in the units place in a col for causing saidshield to move to-a position overlying said keys, means dependent uponthe operation of the general operator for restoring said shield tonormal position, and means adjustable at will to silence saidshield-moving means.

9. In a typewriting andcomputing machine, the combination with a tywriter carriage, type-operating keys inclu nu meral keys, 'aletter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys,computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keysfor determining the extent of operation of the com 'uting devices and anoperator for moving t e computing devices, of a. pair of arms, a shieldor bar carried by said arms and normally adjacent to the numeral keys, aspring tending to swing said arins and bar to cause the latter to coverthe numeral; keys, a latch restraining said bar, and a latch releasermovable by a part upon said typewriter carriage.

10. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with atypewriter carriage, type-operating keys including nu moral keys, aletter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys,computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keysfor determining the I computing de- \'1C6S,':1I1d an operator for movingthe computing devices, of a pair of arms, a shield or bar carried bysaid arms and normally adjacent to the numeral keys, a spring tendinglatter to cover the numeral keys, a latch restraining said bar, and a,latch releaser movable by a part upon said typewriter carriage; saidarms mounted upon a rock shaft, and another arm extending from said rockshaft, and having a shoulder to be engaged by said latch, and a springtending to move said latch to effective posltion.

11. The combination with computing keys, a set of computing wheels, anda shutt-er for said Wheels, of means dependent upon the operation of akey to compute a place in a column for causbar to cause the ing saidshutter to cover the' reading line on said wheels, a key-operationobstructing device made effective by the some means, and means operablefrom a single point for rendering ineffective both said shutter and saidkey-obstructing device at will.

12. In a -eombined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith an item register and keys for writing and registering numbers insaid register, of a total register, means obstructing said keys, a

spring normally tending :to move said obstructmg means to obstructingposition, a latch restraining Isaid obstructing means, said. latcharranged to be released by the writing of-a digit'in the unitscoluinn,and means for carrying anumber'registered in said item register intosaidtotal register, said means arranged to move said obstructing meansagainst the tension of said spring to free said keys and to reset saidlatch.

13. The combination with a set of numeral keys,-of a spring normallytending-to interfere with the proper use of said keys, a carriage underthe control of saidkeys, a carriage-controlled latch to restrain -saidkey-blocking means, and means for making said latch control effective orineffective;

14. The combination withua carriage, of computing wheels formingindicating devices numeral keys, a shutter called into action'bythe-movement of-the carriage at the units position for preventing theoperator from copying off the indicated number, and meansfor blockingsaid keys connected to said shutter.

15. The combination of numeral keys, a carriage, a carriage-controlledguard movable to osition above the keys, a shutter connected to saidguard for obscuring the computed number, and a general operator havingmeans to return the guard and shutter.

16. The combination with numeral keys, denomination devices and acarriage to operate them successively, of a supernumerary denominationdevice, means connected thereto to interfere with further operation ofthe keys, and to obscure the computed number, a general 0 erator, andmeans connected to said genera operator to restore the interfering andobscuring means to normal positions.

17. In a computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, atraveling carriage and computing wheels on which said keys are effectivein a manner determined by said carriage, of means for visibly warningthe operative when not to use said keys, a general operator foractuating said wheels, a bar forming part of said operator, said barhaving anotch, and means operated by a side of said notch for makingsaid warning means ineffective.

18. In a computing machine, the combination with numeral keys and ageneral operator, of a bar adapted to be swung above said keys, and arock shaft on which it is carried, said general operator having anotched member for controlling said bar.

19. The combination with keys and a dc. vice for interfering with theiroperation, of a spring normally tending to make saiddcvice effective, atraveling carriage,- a dog on said carriage to make said springeffective, computing wheels, a general operator for said computingwheels, and a. cam forming part of said operator for making the deviceineffective.

20. Thecombination with computing wheels and numeral keys, of adevice-for interfering with the operation of saidkeys, aspring normallytending to make said device effective, a general. operator for saidwheels, ,a reciprocating bar forming part of said operator, an arm movedby said operator and means moved by said arm to make said deviceineffective.

21. The combination with computing wheels and numeral keys, of a devicefor interfering with the operation of said keys, a. spring normallytending to make said device effective, a general operator for saidwheels, a reciprocating 'bar forming part of said operator, an arm movedby said operator, means moved by said arm to make said deviceineffective, and a. catch normally holding sald device ineffective.

22. The combination with computing wheels and numeral keys, of a devicefor interfering with the operation of said ke s, a spring normallytending to make said cvice effective, a general operator for saidwheels, a reciprocating bar forming wart of said operator, an arm movedby sai operator, means moved by said arm to make said deviceineffective, a catch normally holding said device ineffective, atraveling carriage, and a do on said carriage for making said catchinehective.

23. The combination with computing wheels and numeral keys, of a devicefor interfering with the operation of said keys, a spring normallytending to make said device ineffective, a general operator for saidwheels, a reciprocating bar forming part of said operator, an arm movedby said operator, means moved by said arm to make said deviceineffective, a catch normally holding said device ineffective, atraveling carriage, a dog on said carriage for making said catchineffective, and means for making said dog ineffective at will.

24. The combination with numeral keys, of a letter-feeding carriagecontrolled by said keys, a computing mechanism, said carriage movableinto and out of a computing zone at each run of the carriage,normallyineffective means for obstructing said numeral keys and adaptedto conspicuously and visibly Warn the operative that a computation isnot complete, a spring normally tending to move saidnumeral-key-obstructing means to effective position, a latch normallydetaining said obstructing means, and means dependent upon the operationof a key in the units place in a column for making said latchinefl'ective.

25. The combination with. numeral keys, of a letter-feeding oarria econtrolled by said keys, a computing mec anism, said carriage movableinto and out of a computing zone at each run of the carriage,normallyineffective means for obstructing said numeral ke s and adaptedto conspicuously and visibl y warn the operative that a computation isnot complete, means dependent upon the operation of a key in the unitsplace in a column for movin said numeralkey-obstructing means to eective position, and means for detaining said obstructing means at itseffective position.

26. The combination with a denomination selector, computing keys, a setof computing wheels, a general operator, and a shutter for said wheels,of a traveling carriage, means to cooperate with the carriage at thecomputation of a digit in the units place in a column, for operatingsaid shutter to cause it to cover the reading line on said wheels,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for means made effective by thesame means, for interfering with the ordinary use of said keys, andmeans controlledbly; the general operator for restoring saidf sutter-operating means and said interfering means.

27. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith an item register and keys for writing and for registering a numberin said item register, of a total register, keys writing but notregisterintg, means including a general 0 erator, or carrying a numberregistere in said item register into said total register, a shutter forsaid total register, a silencing device for said writing and registeringkeys, a single device for causing said silencing device to be efi'ectiveand said shutter also to overlie said total re ister during the carryingof the number into said total register,

means (including a denomination'selecting member) acting upon thecompletion of the registering of a number in said item register forcausing said sin 1e device to act, and means controlled by t e generaloperator for restoring said silencing device and said shutter.

FREDERICK A. HART. Witnesses:

PAUL ZIRON, K. FRANKFORT.

five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents. Washington,D. G.

